BIOCHEMICAL AND CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CORRELATION OF PERIODONTITIS AND EARLY CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a disease characterized by inflammation of the periodontal tissues caused by microorganisms in the oral cavity and affects approximately 90% of the world population. Losses in the alveolar bone and connective tissue are observed due to periodontal diseases, which may lead to tooth loss. In addition, periodontal disease has been associated with many systemic diseases such as coronary artery diseases, stroke, head and neck cancer, pregnancy complications and diabetes. Periodontal disease is affected by risk factors such as smoking and diabetes, similar to vascular diseases. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Biochemical and Clinical Evaluation of Correlation of Periodontitis and Early Carotid Atherosclerosis.

The present study was planned in Department of Dentistry, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar, India. In the present study 20 cases of the Generalized chronic Periodontitis were enrolled in the Group A as study group patients. And 20 cases of Periodontally healthy individuals were enrolled in Group B as control group patients for comparative evaluation. Under aseptic measures, venous blood samples were drawn by venipuncture in antecubital fossa using 5ml syringe and collected in a plain vacuum tubes and transported to clinical laboratory for lipid profile analysis. Both the groups were subjected for ultrasonography for the assessment of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) and Lipid Profile.

The data generated from the present study concluded that periodontal disease has association with early carotid atherosclerosis which is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases .Thus oral health and systemic health are closely related and overall systemic health of an individual can be improved by maintaining a proper oral health regimen. It is important in terms of health policies that there is no need for an additional cost for this early diagnosis.

Keywords: Periodontitis, Early Carotid Atherosclerosis, Heart disease, etc.