CLINICAL PROFILE OF HYPOTHYRODISM IN NORTH INDIAN FEMALES: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a clinical condition that arises from a deficiency in the target tissues of thyroid hormones, resulting in a widespread slowing down of all metabolic processes. Particularly in iodine-deficient areas such as India, primary hypothyroidism is common worldwide. Hypothyroidism is a clinical condition that arises from a deficiency in the target tissues of thyroid hormones, resulting in a widespread slowing down of all metabolic processes. Primary hypothyroidism, especially in iodine deficient areas such as India, is more prevalent worldwide. Autoimmunity is the most common cause. It typically results from Hashimoto's thyroiditis and is often associated with a strong goitre or with a shrunken fibrotic thyroid with little or no activity later in the disease phase. Hypothyroidism patients have a morbid life and the quality of life is low. Understanding the clinical profile of these cases may help a physician to improve their quality of life.

Material & Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Clinical history of patients was noted in detail and their general examination was conducted. Inclusion criteria: All cases with symptom of hypothyroidism, increased TSH with decreased T3 and T4 levels. Asymptomatic cases detected on basis of biochemical parameters. Exclusion criteria: Cases of secondary hypothyroidism, pregnant women, and cases of chronic renal failure. The data was entered in Microsoft Excel 2013 and analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results: It was observed in present study that there were maximum 34 (68%) with odema feet. Paffiness of face was present in 26 (52%) of cases. Tiredness was observed to the most common symptom in 28 (56%) cases followed by weight gain was observed in 27 (54%) cases while menorrhagia was found in 23 (46%).

Conclusion: Odema feet and bradycardia were most common signs of hypothyroidism observed in this study followed by puffiness of face and hypertension. Tiredness was the most prevalent sign along with weight gain followed by mennorghia.

Keywords: Hypothyroidism, thyroid