Correlation between serum uric acid levels and microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension

Abstract

Background: Serum uric acid has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension and renal damage. Microalbuminuria is an early marker of endothelial dysfunction and renal impairment in hypertensive patients.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between serum uric acid levels and microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over April 2025 to March 2026 including 110 patients with essential hypertension. Serum uric acid levels and urinary microalbumin levels were measured. Patients were categorized based on uric acid levels, and statistical analysis was performed with p < 0.05 considered significant.

Results: Patients with elevated serum uric acid levels had a significantly higher prevalence of microalbuminuria. A positive correlation was observed between serum uric acid and urinary albumin levels.

Conclusion: Elevated serum uric acid is significantly associated with microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients, indicating early renal involvement.

Recommendation: Regular assessment of serum uric acid and microalbuminuria is advised in hypertensive individuals for the early identification of renal impairment. Proactive lifestyle alterations, consistent monitoring, and prompt management can avert the advancement to chronic renal disease and enhance outcomes.

Keywords: Serum uric acid, microalbuminuria, hypertensive patients, urinary microalbumin, endothelial dysfunction